Murallas bajo el suelo de Pamplona. La evolución de las fortificaciones a la luz de los hallazgos arqueológicos [Walls under the soil of Pamplona. The evolution of fortifications in the light of archaeological discoveries]

Abstract

Pamplona has one of the best Renaissance fortified enclosures in Europe. This site is the inheritor of a traditional interest in the defense of the city, justified by its strategic position as a gateway to the Pyrenean pass. The archaeological interventions carried out in the last 30 years in the city have brought to light numerous sections of the different fortified enclosures that defended this place from the protohistoric period until the 20th century. This paper presents the novelties on the oldest enclosures and corrects some of the hypotheses that existed on the most modern ones.