An active analysis of Basque ergativity

Arthur  Holmer

doi:10.35462/flv81.1

Arthur Holmer Lund University & David C. Lam Institute for East-West Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University [Suedia]

Laburpena

Euskararen datuek agertzera ematen dute, nominatiboari buruz diferentzia garrantzitsuak dituztela NOR eta NORK kasu biek, aurreko lanek aski azaldu ez dutena. Ez bata eta ez bestea ez dira “nominatibo kasua” sujeto hutsa bezala ager daitezkeenak. Ez eta NORK kasuan ere, adibide honetan ikusten denez: Gerrak Euskal Herrian eragindako lehen biktima... zeinetan NORK hitzak, “gerragatik” aditzondoaren zentzua dauka. Horregatik diot euskararen bi kasuak akusatiboari eta ergatiboari dagozkiela, alegia, NOR akusatiboa, eta NORK ergatiboa.

Ez da hori hain laburgarri ez baitago gero nominatiboari dagokion kasurik. Beste hizkuntzekilako konparaketak bestalde, adibidez seediq Taiwanen eta beste austronera hizkuntza batzuek, azaltzen dute honelako laburtze beharrik ez dagoela. Austronera hizkuntzetan, nominatibo, akusatibo eta ergatibo hi ru kasuak elkarrekin dabiltza. Horrek garbi frogatzen du, beraz, akusatiboa eta ergatiboa elkarren ondoan egon daitezkeela.

Estatistikak

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