Iragankortasunaren dinamikaz zubereran: kasu adierazpen bikoitzekiko baliobiko aditzen ikerketaren lehen etapa

Abstract

This article is the first phase of a study devoted to certain bivalent verbs of Souletin Basque dialect, called «bivalent verbs with double casual marking». They are built at the present time of two or more different ways, for an identical sense. It is the case, for example, of behatü «to listen», mintzatü «to speak» or hasi «to begin something». Constructions with the auxiliary izan «to be» are used by the speakers of the older age brackets, while young people use constructions with the auxiliary *edün «to have». This is to be confirmed verb by verb, knowing that double constructions for certain verbs occur already in old texts and sometimes for the same author.

At first, all these verbs are rather low on the scale of transitivity, on the basis for example of the criteria for patient assignment. The evolution could be due simply to an evolution related to the internal economy of the language since the two structures in competition coexist already, or due to contact between the languages by the very fact that the speakers are all bilingual Basque-French, or, the most daring assumption, due to external causes like the evolution of the thought and way of life, in which the role of agent is extended to not very active agents, not controlling the action, and perhaps a conjunction of these factors.